Fractional thermolysis (facelift) is a method of laser "rejuvenation" of the face and body that helps to cope with skin problems caused by age and stress.
This procedure is almost as effective as surgical braces, and after thermolysis, skin cells begin to actively produce collagen and elastin, as in their youth, that is, beneficial changes occur in several layers at the same time, not just the outer epidermis.
The procedure is very effective, but at the same time traumatic. This can only be done in specialized clinics.
What it is - fractional photothermolysis, what is the essence and effectiveness of the method, indications and contraindications for facial and body procedures using fraxel technology, photos before and after, the consequences and reviews of the laser procedure, expected prices and devices used - we will try to tell you more.
Main information
Thermolysis refers to the process of destroying a tissue structure under the influence of high temperatures. The concept was created and mediated by doctors and then used by beauticians.
And photothermolysis is also a process of thermolysis, but it is caused by the action of light energy. In cosmetology it is used during photoepilation and laser "coating" of scars and scars.
Fractional photothermolysis is a technique in which photothermolysis does not affect the entire surface of the skin, but only its individual areas. This means that we can talk about the focal destruction of tissues by heating them with the help of laser (light) energy.
Nature of the procedure and other names
The fractional photothermolysis procedure is classified as a type of negative skin stimulation because certain types of injuries, in this case burns, are used during the session.
In order to achieve the expected cosmetic result, a regeneration process must be started, which restores the skin after damage.
This type of thermal burn looks like a "column" that forms in the thickness of the dermis as a result of the targeted action of a laser beam. In cosmetology, this "column" is called the "microscopic treatment area" or MLZ for short.
In diameter they can not reach more than a tenth of a millimeter: about 0, 1 to 0, 4 mm, with a penetration depth of up to 0, 5 mm. Depending on the type of procedure chosen, there may be between ten and several thousand such microtraumas per square centimeter of surface, and the impact velocity is 3000 MLZ / sec.
If we analyze the mechanism of action of fractional photothermolysis, then it is similar to mesoscooter therapy, but using a roller, micro-lesions are applied mechanically using needles.
In the practice of cosmetology, the term fractional thermolysis has several commonly used synonyms:
- optical thermolysis of the dermis;
- DOT therapy;
- fractional laser "polishing";
- LAFT renewal;
- fractionated laser nanoperforation;
Ablative and non - ablative method
Laser ablation is the evaporation of a substance using a laser pulse. Using ablative fractional photothermolysis, then choose the type of laser radiation whose energy is mostly absorbed by the water molecules.
By acting on a localized area for a short time, the laser beam heats the water in the tissues almost immediately up to 30 ° C. As a result, the entire "column" evaporates and is replaced by a microscopic open-type wound surrounded by layers of thermally coagulated cells.
Recovery after ablative photothermolysis will be much slower and longer than with the non-bleaching method.
But the results of the procedure will be objectively better and the lifting effect will be clearer. It is best to use a course of 2 to 6 sessions. But during such procedures, the patient is exposed to a certain risk of tissue infection in the deep layers of the dermis.
Non-ablation fractional thermolysis can be applied to milder microtrauma methods. A laser beam is used, which practically does not damage the epidermis, burns under it.
The destroyed tissue does not evaporate, but remains within the "column", naturally with no open wounds. Lifting is not as obvious as with the first ablation method, because no cell lysis products were removed during the procedure, which means that there is no "tightening" effect on the skin.
It is recommended to use courses from 3 to 10 sessions. The patient has virtually no risk of deep dermal infection as the surface integrity is not compromised.
Indications, effect
The reasons for appointing a procedure using Fraxel technology may be the following:
- the need to stimulate weakened and aged skin;
- treatment of pigmented / depigmented lesions;
- getting rid of scars, rootstocks and small scars;
- need to remove stretch marks.
Not suitable for getting rid of keloid formations.
Advantages
How is this method different from the classic "laser polishing"? Using the traditional approach, the burn affects a large area and, with partial exposure, is localized and point in nature.
Between burns, there are gaps with intact skin that make photothermolysis less traumatic and speed up the healing time.
The method is suitable for the treatment of any part of the body, but in most cases it is used directly on the face. Using Fraxel technology, a beautician can even work on the skin on the eyelids.
The optical thermolysis of this dermis is characterized by the innovative design of the DOT device itself, which avoids the absence of skin areas or the overlap of one area.
Mechanism of action
In the previous consultation, the cosmetologist determines the goals that the client wants to achieve, finds out the possible contraindications to the procedure, talks about the possible results and their compliance with the client's wishes.
Your doctor will definitely decide on the risks and development of post-procedure complications, as well as how to care for your skin after a course of photothermolysis.
It is necessary to discuss and choose a suitable method of pain relief in advance, and the client must be sure to report allergic reactions to the medication, if any.
A few hours before the session, a superficial peeling is performed, the purpose of which is to even out the thickness of the stratum corneum.
The patient may experience moderate pain and discomfort during the operation. Their severity cannot in any way depend on the model of apparatus used. The level of pain is determined by the depth and intensity of the laser beam, and these parameters are determined by the specialist himself, focusing on therapeutic goals.
The more neglected the problem, the deeper the layers need to be affected.
However, conventional anesthetic creams are usually used as an anesthetic, applied to the work areas for a maximum of 40 minutes before the start of the session.
During the session, the beautician moves the nozzle over the surface, which emits a targeted laser beam. If the need arises, the same site is re-processed in one procedure.
Duration is from 15 minutes to 1 hour. It all depends on how much skin is being treated. After fractional photothermolysis, a cream with a soothing effect is applied to the "polished" surface.
In order to achieve the desired result, a course of several procedures must be performed - from 3 to 10, depending on the chosen type of effect. You can hold a session once a month.
Recommendations (training and rehabilitation)
The patient should start prophylactic treatment with antibiotics and antivirals a few days before the scheduled procedure. Of course, if there is objective evidence.
On the day of fractional photothermolysis, one should avoid alcohol and abstain from all forms of sport.
After the non-ablation photothermolysis procedure, the recovery process lasts up to three days, according to the type of ablation - at least a week.
If the "polishing" was based on ablation, the patient will have reddened skin, swelling, burning and discomfort for several more days.
After consultation with a specialist, cooling compresses may be applied to the skin or topical analgesics may be applied.
After at least three days, the color of the "polished" dermis may change slightly. For example, it can become a pseudo-tan due to an increase in the breakdown of pigmented residues from previously necrotic cells.
Dryness will appear, peeling will begin and even a small amount of itching may occur for a short time. All of these manifestations are not dangerous and will go away on their own in about a week. It is strictly forbidden to scratch itchy skin!
For uncomplicated post-fracture rehabilitation, you need to follow some basic tips:
- you must take care of your skin and be sure to use the recommended external remedies. In most cases, these are medicines that are prescribed to treat thermal burns and moisturizing sprays;
- the crust formed on the surface during wound healing must not be artificially removed, only falls off naturally;
- if the patient took antimicrobial and antiviral drugs before the procedure, their course should be continued according to the instructions;
- to prevent hyperpigmentation, the treated skin should be isolated from direct sunlight for at least a month. Sunscreens with SPF 40+ are commonly used;
- The use of scrubs and other mechanical skin cleansing methods is prohibited throughout the recovery period.
Possible side effects and complications
Despite the fact that fractional photothermolysis is one of the most modern and safest methods, it also has several side effects:
- bacterial infection, development of streptoderma or staphyloderma;
- erythema lasting more than three days;
- edema on the surface of the treated skin lasting more than two days;
- hyperpigmentation after the period of inflammation;
- appearance of burn blisters, erosion cracks;
- Exacerbation of HSV1 or acne;
- microscopic bleeding under the skin.
Contraindications (general and local)
Fractional photothermolysis is not performed with the following general contraindications:
- oncological tumors;
- breastfeeding;
- HSV1 and HSV2 in the acute stage;
- infectious diseases;
- in the stage of developing a chronic disease;
- diabetes of any kind;
- cardiovascular defects and insufficiency;
- disorders of the hematopoietic system, poor blood clotting;
- presence of autoimmune diseases;
- tendency to form deep keloid-type scars;
- epileptic condition or convulsive syndrome;
- mental disorders;
- use of isotretinoin for six months;
- a recent tan or a visit to the solarium.
And the following local contraindications:
- all inflammatory processes localized in the intended work area;
- impaired skin integrity;
- any neoplasms of unknown origin;
- dry cleaning of the skin or any other procedure that may injure the skin.
Where and on what devices is made, approximate prices
The cost of one facelift procedure depends on the treated area, so the calculated prices for fractional laser resurfacing vary.
Photothermolysis sessions in a cosmetology hospital can only be performed by qualified specialists.
Devices with a CO2 or erbium laser are used for the fractal recovery procedure itself. Ordinary beauty salons usually do not have the necessary equipment or trained staff.
The use of lasers for cosmetic purposes is still controversial. However, laser-based procedures are one of the most popular, effective and safe.
Feedback
Please read some reviews about laser facial facial rejuvenation:
- First review: "I am 35 years old. I went to 2 sessions of fractional photothermolysis. The second visit took place 30 days after the first visit. As a result, I noticed that my pores, usually slightly enlarged, narrowed, and the skin on my forehead and cheeks began to look much smoother. I was pleased, the only thing that bothered me was the peeling that appeared after the second visit, but after three days it disappeared without a trace, now I look in the mirror and enjoy my face.
- Second Review: "I want to tell you about my impression of this method because I felt positive. After three treatments, I noticed that my face was lighter, the pigment spots on some parts of my face became lighter, the scars were less noticeable, and my skin was tightening. These changes did not happen immediately, but gradually, after about 4 months I started to look 5-6 years younger, and I recommend everyone who takes care of themselves to try this wonderful thing.
- Third comment: "I was very afraid of these types of procedures, believing that they had more side effects than pros. However, when the first wrinkles appeared, the idea of" magical skin transformation "became more and more common in my mind. So I decided to perform photothermolysis. There was a bit of a painful but permissible feeling in the process, and after a while, a happy change appeared on the face: the wrinkles around the eyes smoothed out, the contour became lighter, and the contour tightened in general.
- Fourth report: "I believe that this method is indispensable for any woman who wants to stay young and attractive. I discovered something new and I was very satisfied. There are many positive moments, and they were all reflected in my face: fine wrinkles and pigmentation are gone. , the skin is not so flabby, less inflamed, and most importantly, I like myself much more. I want to advise everyone to love themselves, not to spare for their beauty and use effective procedures to preserve their youth.